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Practical Indian tax, financial reporting, labour, state law and business compliance guides for CAs, accountants and businesses.

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312 articles
Employment & Benefits

ESI After a Salary Increase or Labour Code Wage Recalculation: When Does Coverage Change?

ESI should not normally stop in the same month merely because a covered employee receives an increment above the applicable wage ceiling. A current notification preserves employee status for the remainder of the contribution period where wages cross the ceiling after the period begins. Payroll must first establish coverage at the start of the period and then distinguish an increment, retrospective revision and correction of an earlier error.

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Section 233 Fast-Track Mergers, Small Companies & WOS Mergers, Form CAA-9 to CAA-12 & RD Approvals

Fast-Track Mergers under Section 233 of Companies Act: Small Companies & WOS Guide

Comprehensive corporate secretarial and legal guide to fast-track mergers under Section 233 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Rule 25. Analyzes the NCLT-exempt administrative approval route, eligible entity classes (small companies, holding-WOS, startups), 90% member/creditor consent, Form CAA-9 notices, Form CAA-10 declaration of solvency, Regional Director (RD) confirmation in Form CAA-11, and Ind AS 103 accounting with assureFinancials.

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Section 149 Independent Directors, Schedule IV Code, IICA Databank Test & Section 149(12) Immunity

Independent Directors under Companies Act: Section 149, Schedule IV Code & IICA Databank Guide

Exhaustive corporate governance guide to Independent Directors under Section 149 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Schedule IV. Explains the unlisted public company thresholds (₹10 Cr capital / ₹100 Cr turnover / ₹50 Cr debt), pecuniary relationship tests, IICA Databank proficiency exam exemptions, tenure and Special Resolution reappointments, Section 149(12) director immunity, and board audit workflows with assurePractice.

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Ind AS 12 Income Taxes, Deferred Tax Asset & Liability Recognition, Tax Base & MAT Credit Accounting

Ind AS 12 Income Taxes: Deferred Tax Assets & Liabilities, Tax Base & MAT Credit Guide

Exhaustive financial reporting guide to Ind AS 12 (Income Taxes) for Indian corporate entities. Details the balance sheet liability approach, temporary differences vs permanent differences, computing the tax base of assets and liabilities, deferred tax asset (DTA) recognition criteria based on probable future taxable profits, MAT credit entitlement accounting, business combinations impact, and automated tax accounting with assureFinancials.

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FEMA Overseas Direct Investment (ODI), OI Rules 2022, 400% Net Worth Limit, UIN & Form FC Reporting

Overseas Direct Investment (ODI) under FEMA: OI Rules 2022, 400% Limit & Form FC Guide

Comprehensive masterclass on Overseas Direct Investment (ODI) under the FEMA Overseas Investment (OI) Rules, 2022. Analyzes the 400% net worth financial commitment ceiling, ODI vs OPI demarcation, obtaining Unique Identification Number (UIN) via Form FC on RBI FIRMS portal, Annual Performance Report (APR) filings, LRS route for individuals, and global structuring with assurePractice.

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Section 269ST Cash Receipts & Section 271DA Penalty

Section 269ST Cash Transaction Prohibition & Section 271DA Penalty: ₹2 Lakh Limit, Form 3CD Clause 31 & Defense Guide

An exhaustive practitioner guide to Section 269ST cash receipt restrictions and Section 271DA 100% penalty, analyzing the three statutory limbs (single day, single transaction, single event/occasion), Form 3CD Clause 31 reporting, reasonable cause under Section 273B, and appellate defense strategies.

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Section 173 Board Meetings, Secretarial Standard-1 (SS-1) ICSI, Virtual Meetings (VC/OAVM), Section

Board Meetings under Companies Act & Secretarial Standard-1 (SS-1): Notice Rules, VC Quorum, Section 184 & Form MGT-14 Guide

Comprehensive technical masterclass on conducting board meetings under Section 173 of the Companies Act, 2013 and ICSI Secretarial Standard-1 (SS-1). Analyzes 7-day notice rules, shorter notice procedures, virtual meeting (VC/OAVM) roll-calls, Section 174 quorum determinations, Section 184 interested director voting exclusions, Form MGT-14 filing triggers, and secretarial audit workflows with assurePractice and assureFinancials.

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Section 66 Capital Reduction, NCLT Form RSC-1 to RSC-6, Section 2(22)(d) Deemed Dividend vs Capital

Reduction of Share Capital under Section 66: NCLT Petition, Form RSC-1, Creditor Consents & Section 2(22)(d) Deemed Dividend Tax Guide

Comprehensive technical masterclass on capital reduction under Section 66 of the Companies Act, 2013 and NCLT procedural rules. Analyzes Form RSC-1 to RSC-6 petition workflows, creditor objection defense, accounting elimination of accumulated losses, Section 2(22)(d) deemed dividend taxation, capital gains loss computation under Section 45, and workflow integration with assureFinancials and assureTax.

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Environment & Energy

Diesel generator compliance for a Gurugram office: consent, retrofits and GRAP restrictions

A power failure does not, by itself, give a Gurugram office permission to run any diesel generator available on the premises. The answer depends on the particular machine, the applicable Haryana pollution requirements, the NCR generator directions and the GRAP orders operating at the time. A landlord's assurance that a generator is “for emergency use” does not resolve these questions.

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Section 94B Thin Capitalization, 30% EBITDA Interest Cap, ₹1 Crore Threshold & Form 3CD Clause 30B

Section 94B Thin Capitalization: 30% EBITDA Interest Limitation, AE Debt & Form 3CD Guide

Exhaustive masterclass on Section 94B thin capitalization interest deduction limitation rules. Analyzes the 30% EBITDA statutory ceiling, ₹1 Crore threshold, implicit and explicit AE guarantee coverage, 8-year carry-forward mechanics under Section 94B(4), NBFC exemptions, Form 3CD Clause 30B reporting, and cross-border capital structure optimization with assureTP and assureTax.

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Ind AS 103 Business Combinations, Acquisition Method, Purchase Price Allocation (PPA) & Goodwill

Ind AS 103 Business Combinations: Acquisition Method, Purchase Price Allocation & Goodwill Guide

Exhaustive masterclass on business combination accounting under Ind AS 103. Details the definition of a business, the acquisition method, fair value purchase price allocation (PPA), recognizing intangible assets, measuring Non-Controlling Interest (NCI), contingent consideration valuation, common control mergers under Appendix C (pooling of interests), and financial consolidation with assureFinancials.

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Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, SPPI Test, Expected Credit Loss (ECL) Stages & Provision Matrix

Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments: Expected Credit Loss (ECL), SPPI Test & Valuation Guide

Masterclass on financial instruments accounting under Ind AS 109. Details the SPPI test and business model assessment, classification into Amortized Cost, FVTOCI, and FVTPL, the three-stage Expected Credit Loss (ECL) impairment model, provision matrix for trade receivables, compound instrument bifurcation, deferred tax reconciliation under Ind AS 12, and financial modeling with assureFinancials.

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